Authors
Pirogov V.
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Degree
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PhD in Physics & and Mathematics, Assistant Professor, Shadrinsk Pedagogical Institute |
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E-mail
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Vladislav-133@yandex.ru |
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Location
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Shadrinsk |
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Articles
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Operating systems supporting x86–64 instruction set, with a low-level programming point of viewAs the title implies the paper considers 64‑bit enhancement of x86 (x86-64) and features of the 64‑bit
operating systems. There are some new characteristics of the architecture x86–64 such as 64‑bit integer
capability, additional registers, larger physical address space, RIP-relative addressing, additional
XMM registers, etc. Some of these issues are reflected in our article. We focus on the main features of
this specification with the point of view of programming. Much attention in our paper is given to such
concepts as «red zone» and «shadow space», which are associated with calling conventions. The paper
speaks in detail on the differences in the approaches (regarding calling conventions) adopted in
families of 64‑bit operating systems Windows and UNIX. We compare the low-level program architecture
for different operating systems supporting the x86–64 specification. The paper gives examples
of analysis of the executable code, which are compiled for operating systems with different calling
conventions. For the purity of the experiment the programs for different operating systems are translated
by compilers of C from the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC). For the study of executable code
for 64‑bit operating systems Windows and UNIX, we used the disassembler IDA PRO version 5.5.
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